Question

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Why is H₂O a liquid and H₂S a gas?

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Answer 1

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In h2o there is hydrogen bonding because oxygen has a high electronegativity(only second to flourine). so, the hydrogen atoms from other molecules of water forms a hydrogen bonds with oxygen resulting in intermolecular hydrogen bonding. ... therefore at room temperature h2o is a liquid and h2s is a gas.

Answer 2

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In H2O there is hydrogen bonding because oxygen has a high electronegativity.

So, the hydrogen atoms from other molecules of water form a hydrogen bonds with oxygen resulting in intermolecular hydrogen bonding.

Conclusion :

Therefore at room temperature, H2O is a liquid and H2S is a gas.

Related information :

• Polarity: Oxygen is more polar than Sulfur. Therefore, the Hydrogen Oxygen bond is more polar than the Hydrogen Sulfur bond. H20 has stronger intermolecular dipole--dipole interaction because of the greater polarity (or a hydrogen bond). Because of the stronger intermolecular interaction H20 is more stable and exists as a liquid.

• Molecular Geometry and intermolecular forces: H2S is bent, and bent at a smaller angle than is water. The bond angle in water is about 105 degrees which is predicated on the tetrahedral bond angle (109.5). But in H2S the bond angle is around 92 degrees. Both molecules are polar and exhibit dipole-dipole attractions, but in addition, water exhibits strongest hydrogen bonding compared to H2S which has strongest dipole-dipole bonding (no hydrogen bonding) because of large difference in electronegativities. When temperature is increased, the bond with the least hydrogen bond energy, breaks and releases energy accompanied with a change of state (Bond strength/energy- solids>liquids>gases). Hence, H2S unlike H2O exist in gaseous form at room temperature due to lack of strong hydrogen bonding.

I hope my answer helps you....✌