Question

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★ Explain in detail how an electroscope works. (With a diagram)
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$:\implies$ Draw the diagram neatly, should be able to understand.
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Answer 1

Answer:

$/implies$The working principle of an electroscope is based on the atomic structure of elements, charge induction, the internal structure of metal elements and the idea that like charges repel each other while unlike charges attract each other.

$\implies$An electroscope is made up of a metal detector knob on top which is connected to a pair of metal leaves hanging from the bottom of the connecting rod. When no charge is present the metals leaves hang loosely downward. But, when an object with a charge is brought near an electroscope, one of the two things can happen.

$\implies$When the charge is positive, electrons in the metal of the electroscope are attracted to the charge and move upward out of the leaves. This results in the leaves to have a temporary positive charge and because like charges repel, the leaves separate. When the charge is removed, the electrons return to their original positions and the leaves relax.

When the charge is negative, the electrons in the metal of the electroscope repel and move toward the leaves on the bottom. This causes the leaves to gain a temporary negative charge and because like charges repel, the leaves again separate. Then when the charge is removed, the electrons return to their original position and the leaves relax.

$\implies$An electroscope responds to the presence of a charge through the movement of electrons either into or away from, the leaves. In both cases, the leaves separate. It is important to note that the electroscope cannot determine if the charged object is positive or negative – it is only responding to the presence of an electrical charge.

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Answer 2

Answer:

ELECTROSCOPE :

Electroscope is used to detect and measure electric charges.

WORKING OF AN ELECTROSCOPE :

•In an uncharged electroscope, the leaves hang straight down.

•When a charged object touches the metal knob, electric charges travel down the rod and into the leaves.

•The leaves spread apart, indicating the presence of an electric charge.

•Since the charge on both leaves is the same the leaves repel each other and spread out.

CONSTRUCTION OF AN ELECTROSCOPE :

An electroscope consists of a metal rod with a knob at the top and a pair of thin metal leaves at the bottom. The rod is inserted in a one hole rubber stopper which fits into a flask. The flask contains the lower part of the rod and the metal leaves.

Explanation:

please refer to the attachment given below

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