DIFFERENT TYPES OF GREEN ENERGY
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Solar Power: People are probably most familiar with solar power. This design captures the sun's energy with photovoltaic cells that capture the electrons contained in the sun's light rays. Although this concept has been used since ancient times, such as for heating water, it is only since 1973 that it became a viable alternative for other purposes. The panels used in this method are large, take up a lot of space, and are expensive. Despite this fact, they are now used in homes, on cars, in agriculture, and in industry with great success.
2. Wind Energy: Another common alternative source of power is generated by the wind. Today the sight of wind farms is not uncommon. These result in the appearance of large land masses appearing to be a windmill community where large propeller-like blades constantly rotate. The way this works is that the strength in the wind is captured and channeled to generators that produce electricity. Wind farms are generally privately owned and the electricity produced is sold to public utility companies. Although windmills have been used by ranchers for decades, wind farms are a fairly new concept. The advantage is that there are no pollutants emitted when using this method and the power generated can be used in many settings; however, they are noisy and expensive.
3. Hydropower: Power generated by water is called hydropower and has been used since ancient times. In this case, water from a moving source, such as a stream or river, spins turbines that generate energy. Prior to the time commercial power plants came into being, hydropower was used for everything from irrigation to turning a grinding stone in a flour mill. This method is expensive and produces less energy than other sources. The biggest concern, however, is the impact on wildlife and water quality. This issue has yet to be researched thoroughly.
4. Hydrogen: Hydrogen is one of the newer technologies that has been advanced recently and is now being considered for use in cars, to heat buildings, and for many other uses. Hydrogen is a natural gas that is liquefied, held in large tanks, and then fed through thousands of solid fuel cells. The fuel cells contain an electrolyte fluid, much like is found in a car battery. As the electrolytes intermingle with hydrogen and oxygen they produce an electric charge which is captured and held in a battery. The only by-product is water. This alternative is just as efficient as an average combustion engine without harmful side effects, but the cost of hydrogen is currently still too high for mass use.
5. Biomass: Another newer form of power is generated from what is called biomass. This is made from various forms of organic matter that includes both wood and non-wood waste. This can include such materials as decomposing plants or compounds found in commercial, industrial, domestic, animal, and agricultural waste. It can also include forest products, grasses, fast-growing trees, animal waste, and biodegradable food products. The energy in this organic material is converted into electricity when gases expelled while the material burns is trapped in a boiler.
Geothermal energy as a green energy source
6. Geothermal: An up-and-coming alternative is geothermal energy. In this method natural heat from the Earth, in the form of steam or hot water, powers generators where turbines are rotated from the pressure. One of the problems with this power source is the fact that natural land sites are limited. California's geysers are one of the largest sites in the world. While the production of electricity is not limited by weather or the time of day, such as when solar power is generated, it is unclear as to the impact this alternative has on the stability of surrounding landmasses and ecosystems. The advantage is that emissions are low.