Question

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Write a brief note on evolution.
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Answer 1

Answer:

In biology ,Evolution Is the change in the characteristics of a species over a several generation and relies on the process of natural selection.

------> The theory of evolution is based on the idea that all species are releated and gradually change over time.

--------> Evolution relies on there being genetic variation in a population which affects the physical characteristics (phenotype) of an organisms..

----------> Some of these characters may give the individual an advantage over other individuals which they can pass on to the offspring .

Here ur answer and this time there is not copy and paste

Answer 2

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Evolution :-

Evolution is the change in the inherited characteristics of biological populations over successive generations. Small changes within the species is known as " Micro Evolution". The process of formation of new species is known as Speciation or Macro Evolution. If we observe the anatomy of forelimbs of a whale, bat, horse, mole and man, all the animals have a common pattern in the arrangement of bones.

It indicates that all the vertebrates have evolved from a common ancestor. These organs are called Homologous organs. This type of evolution is called " Divergent evolution ". If we observe the wings of birds and bats, they look similar because they have common use for flying, but their origins are not common. These organs which are structurally different but functionally similar is known as " Analogous organs ". This type of evolution is called " Convergent evolution ".

Evidences of evolution :-

• Homologous and analogous organs

• Evidences from embryology

• Evidences from fossils.

Few points on Human evolution :-

• Human evolution is the evolutionary process leading up to the appearance of modern human being.

• We, the present human beings also have evolutionary history like plant and other animals.

• Early man like forms appeared about 7 lakhs 50 thousand years ago.

• " Homohabilus" lived between 1.6 to 2.5 million years ago.

• "Homoerectus" lived about 1 to 1.8 million years ago.

• "Homosapiens neanderthalensis" lived between 1,00,000 to 40,000 thousand years ago.

• "Homosapiens" the present man appeared about 10 thousand years ago.

• There is a great diversity of human forms and features across the planet.

For Extra Knowledge

How the new species evolved ?

• Sexual reproduction and errors in DNA copying leads to variations in offspring in a population.

• " Homohabilus" lived between 1.6 to 2.5 million years ago.

• Organisms contain variations that help to adapt to its environment going to be survived more efficiently.

• But in the same population, the organisms which contain the trait which may not help to adopt in its environment may be perished or eliminated slowly.

• These small changes within the population due to variations is called micro evolution.

• When organisms of the same species with variations are separated by some cause for long years, lot of variations may take place in these years.

• These accumulates variations make them unable to mate and produce new offsprings.

• Thus new species form and this is known as speciation or macro evolution .