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Let the cost of a pen be Rs.x and that of a pencil be Rs.y. Then,
37x+53y=320 .(i)
and, 53x+37y=400 ..(ii)
Adding equations (i) and (ii), we get
90x+90y=720⇒x+y=8 ..(iii)
Substituting equation (i) and (ii), we get
16x−16y=80⇒x−y=5 ..(iv)
Adding equations (iii) and (iv), we get
2x=13⇒x=6.5
Substituting x=6.5 in equation (iii), we get
y=(8−6.5)=1.5
Hence, cost of one pen = Rs. 6.50 and cost of one pencil =Rs. 1.50.
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