Question

$state :\:$
Observations and Conclusion of

$rutherford \: model \: \\ of \: atom$
​

Answer 1

observation: The observations made by Rutherford led him to conclude that:

A major fraction of the α-particles bombarded towards the gold sheet passed through it without any deflection, and hence most of the space in an atom is empty.

Some of the α-particles were deflected by the gold sheet by very small angles, and hence the positive charge in an atom is not uniformly distributed. The positive charge in an atom is concentrated in a very small volume.

Very few of the α-particles were deflected back, that is only a few α-particles had nearly 180o angle of deflection. So the volume occupied by the positively charged particles in an atom is very small as compared to the total volume of an atom.

conclusion:

Most of the space inside the atom is empty. Therefore, most of the α-particles went through the gold foil without deflecting from their path. There is a positive tiny part in the atom in its centre, which deflects or repels the α-particles.

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