Question

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1) A brief history on Indigo cultivation in ancient India .
2) How and when British East India company got interested in exporting Indigo from India.
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Answer 1

Answer 1:-

• Indigo was also cultivated in India, which was also the earliest major center for its production and processing.
• The I. tinctoria species was domesticated in India. Indigo, used as a dye, made its way to the Greeks and the Romans, where it was valued as a luxury product.
• The Indigo Rebellion (Neel Bidroho) took place in Bengal in 1859-60 and was a revolt by the farmers against British planters who had forced them to grow indigo under terms that were greatly unfavourable to the farmers. Indigo cultivation started in Bengal in 1777. Indigo was in high demand worldwide.
• See attachment also.

Answer 2:-

• In the seventeenth century, the EIC was primarily engaged in export- ing Indian goods to Europe.
• Thus, after the establishment of its factory in Surat in 1608, the EIC invested in indigo and exported large quantities of it to England every year.

Extra information:-

What is East India company?

• The East India Company, also known as the Honourable East India Company, East India Trading Company, the English East India Company or the British East India Company, and informally known as John Company, Company Bahadur, or simply The Company, was an English and later British joint-stock company

Answer 2

Explanation:

1) A brief history on Indigo cultivation in ancient India.

Ans)

• In 1777 , Indigo cultivation was started in Bengal.

• Britishers, find India the best place to cultivate indigo as India had the best climatic conditions.

• Bririshers, them demanded farmers to grow indigo as because of industrialization of cotton production, there was a high demand to dye clothes.

• In India , the cultivation of indigo was done by Ryoti system. In this system, Ryots used to cultivate indigo.

• Soon, the indigo cultivation caught a hike from the year 1788 to 1810. People experienced huge profit.

• But, inspite of all profits, the twist was that Indian farmers were not happy with the indigo cultivation. As indigo was cultivated on fertile soil, which lose all fertility of the soil after. So many zamindars and farmers were hesitant.

• This was where Blue Rebellion started.

• On 1859, farmers refused to grow indigo. Indigo factories was attacked and destroyed.

• However the production of indigo was sagged in Bengal.

2) How and when British East India company got interested in exporting Indigo from India.

Ans) In 1600s Britishers got interested in cultivation of indigo in India, while first production was done on 1777. This happened because:

• the climatic condition of India was best suitable for production of indigo.

• There were more free and open fields in India, which could interestingly increase the production very much.