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1. Differentiate between autotrophs and heterotrophs, giving two examples of each.
2. How will you test a leaf for starch? Mention any precautions you will take.
3. How do plants get nitrogen to synthesize proteins?
4. All animals—whether herbivores, carnivores or omnivores-depend on plants for their food.
Discuss.
5. Explain the following with the help of an example for each:
a. parasitic nutrition
b. symbiosis
c. saprotrophic nutrition
6. Why are manures and fertilizers added to the soil in a farm?
7. Distinguish between parasites and partial parasites in plants, giving one example of each.
Answers
Answer:
1 . Autotrophs refer to those living organisms which can prepare their own food, while heterotrophs are those living organisms which cannot prepare their own food and depend on other living organisms for nutrition. 2 examples of autotropes plants, algae, and some types of bacteria. 2 examples of heterotrophs are Dogs, birds, fish, and humans.
2. First we will heat a plant leaf in boiling water for 30 seconds (this stops its chemical reactions) heat it in boiling ethanol for a few minutes (this removes most of its colour) wash with water and spread onto a white tile. Precautions When we remove chlorophyll from the leaf by boiling it in alcohol and then put two drops of iodine solution, it is colour change to blue indicates the presence of starch.
3. The soil bacterium Rhizobium is able to fix the atmospheric nitrogen in water soluble compounds. Plants absorb these compounds along with water in order to get nitrogen. Plants can also get nitrogen from the nitrogen-rich fertilizers used by farmers to treat the soil.
4. All animals whether herbivores, carnivores or omnivores can not make their own food; hence, they depend on the plants for their food. Herbivores feed on plants to obtain nutrition. Again, the carnivores eat herbivores to obtain nutrition. Thus, carnivores indirectly depend on plants for their food.
5. a) parasitic nutrition- Parasitic nutrition is where an organism lives in or on its host and acquires nutrition at the expense of its host. Examples include lice and tapeworms.
b) symbiosis - Commensalism is a type of relationship where one of the organisms benefits greatly from the symbiosis. The other is not helped but is not harmed or damaged from the relationship. In other words, this is a one-sided symbiotic relationship. Example: The relationship between cattle egrets and cattle.
c) saprotripic nutrition- In saprotrophic mode of nutrition, the vital nutrients required for their body are collected from dead and decaying matter. The other organisms which are saprotrophic is Rhizopus, Yeast, and Mushroom.
6. Manure is organic matter derived from animal faeces and plant waste. When the plants are cultivated continuously on a field, the soil gradually loses its nutrient and eventually gets depleted. Thus, manures and fertilizers are used to provide nutrient to the soil due to which the crop yield is enhanced.
7. sorry i dont know this answer
1 )“Autotrophs are organisms that prepare their own food through the process of photosynthesis, whereas heterotrophs are organisms that cannot prepare their own food and depend upon autotrophs for nutrition.”
2) First we will heat a plant leaf in boiling water for 30 seconds (this stops its chemical reactions) heat it in boiling ethanol for a few minutes (this removes most of its colour) wash with water and spread onto a white tile. add iodine solution from a dropper. If it turns blue black it shows that it containsstarch.
3)They are as follows: The soil bacterium Rhizobium is able to fix the atmospheric nitrogen in water soluble compounds. Plants absorb these compounds along with water in order to get nitrogen. Plants can also get nitrogen from the nitrogen-rich fertilizers used by farmers to treat the soil.
4) Plants are capable of making their own food. All animals whether herbivores, carnivores or omnivores can not make their own food; hence, they depend on the plants for their food. Herbivores feed on plants to obtain nutrition.
5) a) Examples of parasitic mode of nutrition are mosquito,ticks, lice, bedbugs , tapeworm . Parasitic Nutrition is a mode of heterotrophic nutrition where an organism clled as a parasites lives on the body surface or inside the body of other organism called host.
b) Symbiosis is the phenomenon by which two organisms maintain relationship with each other to be mutually benefitted. In symbiotic mode, organisms develop a special relationship with certain other organisms to obtain nourishment. ... e.g. Rhizobium bacteria and Leguminous plants are symbionts exhibiting symbiosis.
c) Saprophytic: The mode of nutrition in which organisms feed on dead and decaying matter. Example fungi. In saprotrophic mode of nutrition, the vital nutrients required for their body are collected from dead and decaying matter. The other organisms which are saprotrophic is Rhizopus, Yeast, and Mushroom.
hope this will help you...
are you in 7th I am in 7th std..