th the forces face to face with each other. In 1763,
defeated by the Company but he escaped. He reorganized his army along with the
forces of Nawab of Oudh, Shuja-ud-Daulah and Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II.
Their combined forces met the Company forces at Buxar in 1764. The British Eas
India Company won the war, and all of a sudden Bengal, Avadh (Lucknow) and
Mughal Empire was under their control. Robert Clive was sent to India to take contro
of the situation. That's how the East India Company, a trading company, emerged a
a political power in the subcontinent of India.
Think
Draft headlines for the newspaper published from Britain and Patna wit
reference to the report printed on the Battle of Plassey and the death of
Siraj-ud-Daulah.
EXERCISES
Q.1 Answer the following questions
1. Why did the Europeans feel the need to discover a new sea route to India?
2. Who were the first and the last Europeans to arrive in India?
3. Between whom was the Battle of Plassey fought? What were its results?
4. Why did Battle of Buxar occur? What was its result?
5. How did the Portuguese rule come to an end?
n? Fill in the flanks
Answers
1. Why did the Europeans feel the need to discover a new sea route to India?
The Ottoman Turks charged Christian high fees to get through the route. Apart from this, the route was also unsafe due to the marauding bands of Tatar and the Mongols. Thus, the Europeans felt the need to discover new sea routes to India.
2. Who were the first and the last Europeans to arrive in India?
Only a few years later, near the end of the 15th century, Portuguese sailor Vasco da Gama became the first European to re-establish direct trade links with India since Roman times by being the first to arrive by circumnavigating Africa (c. 1497–1499).
3. Between whom was the Battle of Plassey fought? What were its results?
Battle of Plassey was fought on 23rd June 1757. It was fought between the East India Company and the Nawab of Bengal Siraj-ud-dhaula. East India Company got a decisive victory over the Nawab and his allies. The reason for the Battle of Plassey was that the servants of the company were indulged in abuse of dastaks in inland trade and not paying duty. However, the immediate reason was the conspiracy of Robert Clive with Mir Jafar. British also started the fortification of Calcutta which was opposed by the Nawab. He captured English soldiers in a very small room. Most of them died due to suffocation and that incident is popularly known as Black Hole Tragedy. Robert Clive decided to avenge the death of his men by recapturing Calcutta. He conspired with Mir Jafar (Chief of Army of Siraj) to kill Siraj for the seat of Nawab of Bengal. As planned, Siraj was killed in the battle and Mir Jafar became the Nawab of Bengal.
4.Why did Battle of Buxar occur? What was its result?
The battle resulted in the 1765 Treaty of Allahabad, in which the Mughal Emperor surrendered sovereignty of Bengal to the British. Lord Robert Clive, the victor at the Plassey, became the first governor of Bengal. Losses: British East India Company, fewer than 1,000 casualties of 8,000; Indian states, 6,000 of 35,000.
5. How did the Portuguese rule come to an end?
In india british and Portugal wanted to rule india, but it was not possible to rule by 2 countries so they had war. In that war portugal lose the war so it came to an end.