द प्रोडक्ट ऑफ टू नंबर इज सिक्स हंड्रेड एटी वन ऑफ द नंबर इज -19 फाइंड द अदर नंबर
Answers
Explanation:
Urinary tract infections (UTI) are the most frequent bacterial infections in pediatrics after infections of the respiratory tract: at the age of seven, 8% of females and 2% of males present with at least one episode of UTI. Only in the first three to six months is the incidence in males higher, after which the pathology appears more often in females. Children who have had a UTI run a 10 to 30% risk of recurrence and in 15% of cases may develop high blood pressure (Foxman et al., 2000).
A study carried out in all of Denmark showed that in one thousand patients in pediatric age followed for one year by an area physician there were nineteen episodes of UTI (Kwock et al., 2006). A 2006 study (Wald, 2006) showed that UTI represents the most frequent and serious bacterial infection in the United States since some bacterial infections (S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae) have been weakened through vaccinations. From the aetiological standpoint the most common bacterium in discussion is E. coli (almost 80% of cases) and more rarely other enterobacteria, especially Proteus spp. (mostly in males), Klebsiella spp., Enterococcus spp., Citrobacter spp., Providencia spp., Morganella spp., Serratia spp. and Salmonella spp., which, similarly to the strains of Pseudomonas spp. with low virulence, may be involved in complicated infections.
Although the literature supplies no univocal indications, in the pediatric age it is common practice to use antibiotic prophylaxis in the treatment of relapsing and recurrent UTI, especially in patients with VUR (Fanos & Cataldi, 2004). However, the many side effects of antibiotics, the increasing number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and the economic impact of the therapy have promoted research on alternative measures to prevent UTI. An important contribution to this research has come from the ever-increasing desire for "natural remedies" among the population as concerns the excessive (or perceived as such) use of drugs in special periods of life, such as pregnancy and infancy (Fanos et al., 2006a).
The use of cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ainton, Ericaceae) juice represents one of the possible solutions that may potentially go hand in hand with traditional procedures or, in some cases, even replace them.