History, asked by thehelpinghand21, 5 months ago

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Answers

Answered by TaheniyatAnjum
1

Explanation:

Germany – Can the Army be the Architect of a Nation?

After 1848, nationalism in Europe moved away from its association

with democracy and revolution. Nationalist sentiments were often

mobilised by conservatives for promoting state power and achieving

political domination over Europe.

This can be observed in the process by which Germany and Italy came

to be unified as nation-states. As you have seen, nationalist feelings were

widespread among middle-class Germans, who in 1848 tried to unite

the different regions of the German confederation into a nation-state

governed by an elected parliament. This liberal initiative to nation-building

was, however, repressed by the combined forces of the monarchy and

the military, supported by the large landowners (called Junkers) of Prussia.

From then on, Prussia took on the leadership of the movement for

national unification. Its chief minister, Otto von

Bismarck, was the architect of this process carried

out with the help of the Prussian army and

bureaucracy. Three wars over seven years – with

Austria, Denmark and France – ended in Prussian

victory and completed the process of unification.

In January 1871, the Prussian king, William I,

was proclaimed German Emperor in a ceremony

held at Versailles.

On the bitterly cold morning of 18 January 1871,

an assembly comprising the princes of the

German states, representatives of the army,

important Prussian ministers including the chief

minister Otto von Bismarck gathered in the

unheated Hall of Mirrors in the Palace of Versailles

to proclaim the new German Empire headed

by Kaiser William I of Prussia.

The nation-building process in Germany had

demonstrated the dominance of Prussian state

power. The new state placed a strong emphasis

on modernising the currency, banking, legal

and judicial systems in Germany. Prussian

measures and practices often became a model for

the rest of Germany.

Fig. 11 — The proclamation of the German empire in the Hall of

Mirrors at Versailles, Anton von Werner. At the centre stands the

Kaiser and the chief commander of the Prussian army, General von

Roon. Near them is Bismarck. This monumental work (2.7m x

2.7m) was completed and presented by the artist to Bismarck on

the latter’s 70th birthday in 1885.

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