than the cells of a rat! Explaill vilny
4. Differentiate between the following pairs of terms
(a) Protoplasm and cytoplasm
(b) Nucleolus and nucleus
(c) Centrosome and chromosome
(d) Cell wall and cell membrane
(e) Plant cell and animal cell
f) Prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Answers
Answer:
a)Protoplasm is the content of the cell including the cell membrane, cytoplasm and the cell nucleus whereas cytoplasm is the jelly like substance surrounding the nucleus within the cell membrane.
b)The nucleus is the main organelle while the nucleolus is the sub-organelle. The nucleus is membrane bound while the nucleolus is non-membrane bound. The nucleus contains DNA while the nucleolus contains RNA
c)Centrosome is an organelle in the cell which is responsible in the division of cells. While chromosomes are highly condensed coiled chromatin fibres that is present inside the nucleus.
d)The main difference between cell wall and cell membrane is, cell membrane is present in all cells but cell wall is only present in plants, bacteria, fungi and algae.
e)Plant cell is surrounded by rigid cell wall whereas animal cells do not have cell wall. Presence of large vacoule in plant cell, which is small in animal cell. Plant cells are larger than animal cell. Plant cells have plastids whereas animal cells do not have plastids.
f)Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles, such as the nucleus, while prokaryotic cells do not. Differences in cellular structure of prokaryotes and eukaryotes include the presence of mitochondria and chloroplasts, the cell wall, and the structure of chromosomal DNA.