Question

The 1830s were years of great economic hardship in Europe. The first half of the

nineteenth century saw an enormous increase in population all over Europe. In most

countries there were more seekers of jobs than employment. Population from rural

areas migrated to the cities to live in overcrowded slums. Small producers in towns

were often faced with stiff competition from imports of cheap machine-made goods

from England, where industrialization was more advanced than on the continent. This

was especially so in textile production, which was carried out mainly in homes or small

workshops and was only partly mechanised. In those regions of Europe where the

aristocracy still enjoyed power, peasants struggled under the burden of feudal dues

and obligations. The rise of food prices or a year of bad harvest led to widespread

pauperism in town and country.

The year 1848 was one such year. Food shortages and widespread unemployment

brought the population of Paris out on the roads. Barricades were erected and Louis

Philippe was forced to flee. A National Assembly proclaimed a Republic, granted

suffrage to all adult males above 21, and guaranteed the right to work. National

Workshops to provide employment were set up.

Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option

Q.23.1 The main cause for economic hardship in Europe was-

(a) Urbanisation

(b) industrialization

(c) Growing Population

(d) Feudal dues
Q.23.2 Which problem did not face by the Europe in the first half of the 19th century?

(a) unemployment

(b) competition from imports of cheap machine-made goods

(c) High food prices

(d) Agricultural over production

Q.23.3 Which cause brought the population of Paris out on the roads:

(a) granted suffrage to all adult males above 21

(b) A National Assembly proclaimed a Republic

(c) Food shortages

(d) Opening of workshops

Q.23.4 The main cause for poverty in town and country was:

(a) Bad harvest

(b) Migration of people

(c) Cheap Imports

(d) Guaranteed the right to work​

Answer 1

Answer:

23.1) Industrialization

23.2) Agricultural overproduction

23.3) Food shortages

23.4) Cheap imports