the advantages and disadvantages to wheat farmer of modern irrigation method such as perrinial canal and tubewells
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
The biggest problem is that the places where these practices are being used are those locations where they can least afford them. Iran’s water supplies are collapsing due to these supposedly modern methods. Tube wells reach down into the deep aquifers, and they are capable of doing serious harm. Iran has some of the absolute worst water management practices in the entire world. Just the evaporative loss from perennial canals is a serious issue. Pipelines would be far better.
We are seeing this in California’s lush Central Valley where some locations have lost more than a foot of elevation due to ground subsidence caused by over-pumping of wells. When you step back and look, you could use a jet engine to try and pump water back down into the ground and the net result would be zero.
The amount of energy needed to lift that much land mass back up—to reestablish the water table—is on the order of gigatons (in nuclear bomb terms). Compression of the water table is sheer poison as it can never be undone and permanently alters the ground’s ability to absorb and hold rainfall. In California, we are blessed with abundant orthogonal precipitation that’s shed off of the Sierra Nevada mountains—which allows farmers to largely escape the consequences of their poor water management practices.
Iran has no such resources, and they rapidly are draining their deep aquifers, some of which were filled in the time of the dinosaurs. I’ve long maintained that these wars over oil will look like a picnic when the water wars begin. They’ve been simmering along the Indo-Pak border for decades and those two countries almost went to nuclear war over water.
Out of all the countries in the world, only tiny Israel has shown enlightened water management. All it takes is one look at their stupendous agricultural yields (per gallon of water) to realize that they are a model for the world. If you want to see something truly terrifying, examine Communist China’s takeover of Tibet (called “Asia’s water tower) and assumption of control over all of southeast Asia’s headwaters. Already, they have altered the Mekong River’s flow patterns and are wreaking havoc on downstream communities.
Water wars, coming soon to a theater near you.
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