The British policies of the land revenue led to fragmentation of the land
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Tax from the land was a major source of revenue for the kings and emperors from ancient times. But the ownership pattern of land had witnessed changes over centuries.
During Kingship, land was divided into Jagirs, Jagirs were alloted to Jagirdars, these Jagirdars split the land they got and allocated to sub-ordinate Zamindars.
Zamindars made peasants cultivate the land, in-return collected part of their revenue as tax.
Permanent Settlement policy aimed that the zamindars or the land owners obtained hereditary rights over the land.
The peasants had to pay the revenue even if the crops failed due to drought, flood and hence, they were forced to borrow money from the money lenders at high interest
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