The centrifuge is a laboratory tool that has been used for hundreds of years.
The first centrifuges were powered by a hand crank which was used to spin
the holding compartment or compartments quickly around an axis at the
centre of the machine. Spinning these materials at high speed applies a
pressure to the materials in the centrifuge equal to many times the force of
gravity. With this amount of pressure placed on the materials, the less
dense materials quickly "float" to the center of the centrifuge while the
denser materials "sink" to the outside of the machine. In this way, mixtures
that appear to be homogenous, due to extremely small size of partides can
be separated out into their components. The first centrifuges were used to
separate cream from milk. Nowadays, electronic centrifuges are used for
many applications and are commonly found in medical laboratories to
separate blood cells from the plasma in blood.
Answer the following questions based on your understanding of the above
paragraph and the related studied concepts:
(a)
Give two applications of centrifugation
(b) State the principle on which centrifugation is based.
Heterogeneous mixtures can be classified
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Explanation:
Answer a :-
- Used in dairies and home to separate cream from milk or butter from cream.
- Used in washing machines to squeeze out water from clothes.
Answer b:-
The principle of centrifugation is that the denser particles are forced to the bottom and lighter particles stay at the top when we spun rapidly.
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