The coffee plant has become a major source of oxygen in much of the world. Each hectare of coffee produces 86 lbs of oxygen per day, which is about half the production of the same area in a rain forest
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The coffee plant is a woody perennial evergreen dicotyledon that belongs to the Rubiaceae family. Because it grows to a relatively large height, it is more accurately described as a coffee tree. It has a main vertical trunk and primary, secondary, and tertiary horizontal branches. Coffee trees bloom annually with fragrant white flowers that mature into fruits. The word “coffee” also refers to the pit of the plant’s cherry (fruit), which shelters within it the prized coffee bean. The thick and bitter outer skin of the cherry encases the sweet fruit, which is much like a grape. Within the fruit is a slippery thin layer of skin that protects the small, hard bean. A coffee tree matures after about four to five years and then yields about one pound of coffee per year for about 15-20 years. A plant’s coffee berries ripen at various times, requiring pickers to select only the ripest berries and leave the unripe berries for later. Hand picking is preferable, so that unripe berries are not mixed in with the perfectly ripe berries, as occurs with machine picking.
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