Question

The concentration of OH-

in a fruit juice, which contains 2 x 10-3 M H3O

+

ion is

a) 2 x 10-11 b) 5 x 10-12 c) 5 x 10-11 d) 5 x 10-13

​

Answer 1

Answer:

There are several definitions of what constitutes an acid:

The Arrhenius definition: By the 1884 definition of Svante Arrhenius (Sweden), an acid is a material that can release a proton or hydrogen ion (H+).

The Lewis definition: A Lewis acid is one that can accept a pair of electrons and form a coordinate covalent bond.

The Brønsted-Lowry definition: Brønsted argued that all acid-base reactions involve the transfer of an H+ ion, or proton. Water reacts with itself, for example, by transferring an H+ ion from one molecule to another to form an H3O+ ion and an OH- ion. According to this theory, an acid is a "proton donor" and a base is a "proton acceptor."

For now we will stick with the Brønsted-Lowry definition. And we will now tie the concept of acids and bases into equilibrium:

Let's start by looking at the Ionization of Water:

2H2O(l) <=> H3O+(aq) + OH-(aq)

This reaction does fit the Brønsted-Lowry definition since one water molecule is acting as an acid "donating" a proton and the other is acting as a base "accepting" the proton:

Bronsted Water

If we now write this reaction into an equilibrium expression:

Kw

Answer 2

Answer:

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