Question

the cotton textile industries developed in england but its impact was felt in india. explain how

Answer 1

Even though India had various economic activities that contributed to its economy, the textile industry was a dominant contributor. Prior to industrial revolution, India had an internationally acclaimed cotton textile industry and exported to different parts of the world including Europe, Middle East and the Americas among others. In fact, in 1750, India is documented to have dominated the world’s cotton textile markets. India’s textile industry thrived because it had access to cheap labor that resulted in high quality but low priced calicoes. It is no wonder that the Indian calicoes were popular in Britain the end of the 17th century.

However, after the industrial revolution the table was turned as the textile imports to Britain were hurdled by stringent tariffs and other protectionist policies. Even though the imposed tariffs frustrated the Indian textile market, the superiority of the Indian calicoes remained unrivaled and people still imported it. It was not until the discovery and use of steam power as from 1815 that the Indian textile industry faced a market threat. The steam power made the previous inventions of the spinning mule and power loom more effective and efficient thus reducing the cost of British cotton by 85% and making it internationally competitive. By 1820, Britain was a leading world exporter of textiles significantly displacing India.

Also, India’s colonial masters imposed laws that dictated to the farmers which crops exactly to cultivate and how much crops to cultivate. This led to a situation where no food crops were cultivated because all the land was dedicated to production of raw materials for the British industries. The end result was famine and poverty. Therefore, industrial revolution turned India into a source of raw materials for British industries as well as a market for its finished products. The Indian economy also dwindled because its industrialization process was slowed down. Poverty and starvation also became common.

Answer 2

Bengal was popular for the hand made cotton clothes in 18th century.

Explanation:

• Britishers and companies identified the demand for cotton clothes in world market, they took the cotton clothes from India and learnt to make ready clothes.
• The cheap ready-made cotton clothes created by machines began occupying the clothing market, as they were always had a better platform for sale and advertisement to attract world cotton users than India.
• The poor Indian weavers impacted badly due to the heavy duties, taxes placed by the Britain. On the other hand, losing demand for expensive Indian clothing in Market.
• All these things together shattered the cotton textile industries of India and finally weavers stopped producing clothes and became unemployed.

To learn more:

1. Give reason why clothes made in England was less expensive than cloth Made in India:

https://brainly.in/question/5227142

2. Why could steam power (machines) not displace hand labour in England?:

https://brainly.in/question/403770