Question

The design acceleration spectrum for vertical motions, when required, may of the design be taken as horizontal acceleration spectrum.​
1. 1.33p
2. 0.5p
3. p
4. 2p

Answer 1

Answer:

An improved method of constructing a smooth-response spectrum from peak values of ground acceleration, velocity, and displacement (pga, pgv, and pgd) is presented. Improved dynamic amplification factors are presented for applying damping adjustments to the spectral accelerations or to backcalculate pga, pgv, and pgd from spectral accelerations. Horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios are analyzed for rock and soil sites to allow the construction of a vertical design spectrum from a given horizontal design spectrum.

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Vertical-to-horizontal spectral ratios of rock motions. (a) 5% damping spectral ratios for 33 pairs of rock motions. (b) Median spectral ratio (shaded area corresponds to 1 standard deviation about the median).