Question

The diagram illustrates structures at and beneath Earth's surface. Which process formed the layers of sediments shown in the diagram?




A.
subsurface volcanic activity


B.
deposition of eroded material


C.
crust folding and faulting


D.
crystallization of magma

Answer 1

B) Deposition of eroded material.

• After weathering has broken down rocks, erosion picks up and transports the resulting particles.
• The eroded material will eventually be dropped in a new location by the eroding agent.
• Deposition is the final stage of the process.
• Sediments are deposits formed as a result of rock erosion.
• Deposition is described as the process of depositing sediment that has been carried by the wind, water, sea, or ice.
• Sand, mud, and pebbles can all carry sediment, as can salts dissolved in water.
• When wind or water velocity slows, eroded sediment is deposited in a new location.
• Sedimentation is the process by which sediment accumulates and creates fertile land.

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Answer 2

Option B) deposition of eroded material

Deposition of eroded material process formed the layers of sediments.

• Deposition is the act of depositing sediment that has been carried by the wind, water, sea, or ice. Pebbles, sand, mud, and salts that have been dissolved in water can all be used to convey sediment. Salts may later be deposited by evaporation or organic activity (such as seashells).
• Erosion, weathering, dissolution, precipitation, and lithification are the main geological processes that result in the formation of sedimentary rocks. The impacts of wind and rain, which gradually reduce huge boulders into smaller ones, are included in erosion and weathering.
• Rock and mineral pieces make up this so-called detritus material. These particles drop out during the sedimentation process when the energy of the carrying current is insufficient to carry them. Clastic sedimentation stratification, the layering that occurs in most sedimentary rocks and those igneous rocks generated at the Earth's surface, such as from lava flows and volcanic fragmental deposits, is a type of sedimentary deposition. The thickness and shape of the strata range from a few millimetres to many metres.

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