Question

the divalent cation of an element contains completely filled L shell .find the number of electrons ,protons and neutrons in the cation if its mass number is 24 ​

Answer 1

Answer:

Number of electrons = 10 electrons

Number of protons = 12 protons

Number of neutrons = 12 neutrons

Explanation:

The electrons are found in shells which are named by K, L, M, N......

Electrons cannot start filling up one shell unless and until it fills up the entire previous shell.

It says it has complete L shell. So L shell has 8 electrons. Since, electrons cannot start filling up one shell unless and until it fills up the entire previous shell, so K shell is also filled up. The K shell can only hold 2 electrons and hence, it has 2 electrons in the K shell and 8 electrons in the L shell.The two shells are completely fullfilled.

It is given here that the element is a divalent cation. This means it loses two electrons to form a divalent cation.

So, we can say that it has 2 valence electrons and hence, the M shell has 2 electrons.

The electronic configuration of the element is {2,8,2}

Now, the calculations,

In the neutral atom of the element,

Number of electrons = Total number of electrons = 2 + 8 + 2 = 12 electrons.

Number of protons = number of electrons in a neutral atom, hence,

number of protons = 12 protons

Number of neutrons = Mass number - Atomic number = 24 - 12 = 12 neutrons

Since, it is a divalent cation,

• it will have 2 electrons less, that will make it have 10 electrons
• No changes occurs in the nucleus of an atom, since electrons only take part in ion formation.
• So, number of protons = 12 protons and number of neutrons = 12 neutrons.

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