Question

The earth and the moon are attracted to each other by gravitational force. Does the earth attract the moon with a force that is greater or smaller or the same as the force with which the moon attracts the earth? Why?
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Answer 1

Answer:

According to the universal law of gravitation, two objects attract each other with equal force but in opposite direction. Therefore, the earth attracts the moon with the same force as the moon attracts the earth.

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Answer 2

Let m and M be the mass of moon and earth respectively which are separated by a distance r

Force of attraction that earth exert on moon, $F_{e} \frac{GMm}{r^{2} }$

Force of attraction that moon exert on earth,$F_{m} \frac{GmM}{r^{2} }$

Thus earth attracts the moon with same force by which moon attracts the  earth.

Also the gravitational force is an internal force of attraction between the two bodies, thus they have to be equal.

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