The efficiency of the transformer will be maximum when
Answers
Explanation:
Maximum Efficiency Condition of a Transformer. The efficiency of the transformer along with the load and the power factor is expressed by the given relation. ... Thus, the transformer will give the maximum efficiency when their copper loss is equal to the iron loss.
TRANSFORMER-EFFICIENCY-EQ1Where,
V2 – Secondary terminal voltage
I2 – Full load secondary current
Cosϕ2 – power factor of the load
Pi – Iron losses = hysteresis losses + eddy current losses
Pc – Full load copper losses = I22Res
Consider, the x is the fraction of the full load. The efficiency of the transformer regarding x is expressed .
TRANSFORMER-EFFICIENCY-EQ2The copper losses vary according to the fraction of the load.
Maximum Efficiency Condition of a Transformer
The efficiency of the transformer along with the load and the power factor is expressed by the given relation.
TRANSFORMER-EFFICIENCY-EQ3The value of the terminal voltage V2 is approximately constant. Thus, for a given power factor the Transformer efficiency depends upon the load current I2. In the equation (1) shown above the numerator is constant and the transformer efficiency will be maximum if the denominator with respect to the variable I2 is equated to zero.
TRANSFORMER-EFFICIENCY-EQ4i.e Copper losses = Iron losses
Thus, the transformer will give the maximum efficiency when their copper loss is equal to the iron loss.
TRANSFORMER-EFFICIENCY-EQ5
From equation (2) the value of output current I2 at which the transformer efficiency will be maximum is given as If x is the fraction of full load KVA at which the efficiency of the transformer is maximum
Then, copper losses = x2Pc (where Pc is the full load copper losses)
Iron losses = Pi
For maximum efficiency x2 Pc = Pi
Answer :-
When the variable copper losses of a transformer becomes equal to the fixed iron losses of a transformer then we will get maximum efficiency. From these losses we'll get the value of current required.
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