the electric power transferred by a cell to an external resistance is maximum when the external resistance is equal to ...... if R is the internal resistance
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I suspect the book means that the maximum power dissipated in the load R is when R=3. If you set R=0 then the power dissipated in R is obviously zero, and if you set R=∞ the power dissipated in R is obviously zero. So the maximum of the power dissipated in R is somewhere in between. With a bit of algebra you can easily show the maximum is at R=3. –
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