Question

The first ionization energy energy of Na is lower than that of Mg but the second ionization energy is higher given reasons

Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:

ELECTRONIC CONFIGURATION OF SODIUM,

Na= 1S² 2S²2P⁶ 3S¹        [ ATOMIC NUMBER = 11]

FIRST IONIZATION ENERGY.

Na+= 1S²2S²2P⁶3S⁰       [ ELECTRON ELIMINATED FROM LAST ORBITAL]

SINCE IT WAS ALREADY UNSTABLE [ UNPAIRED] IT IS EASY TO REMOVE THAT ELECTRON.

Na2+=1S²2S²2P⁵ [ HERE THE ELECTRON HAS TO BE REMOVED FROM FULLY FILLED, HIGHLY STABLE P ORBITAL (NOBLE GAS CONFIGURATION)]

ELECTRONIC CONFIGURATION OF MAGNESIUM,

Mg = 1S²2S²2P⁶3S²              [ ATOMIC NUMBER 12]

FIRST IONIZATION ENERGY,

Mg+ = 1S²2S²2P⁶3S¹  [ HERE THE ELECTRON IS ELIMINATED FROM FULLY FILLED HIGHLY STABLE S ORBITAL AND IT IS VERY DIFFICULT]

Mg2+ = 1S²2S²2P⁶3S⁰ [ HERE THE ELECTRON WAS ELIMINATED FROM ALREADY UNSTABLE AND UNPAIRED 3S¹ ORBITAL HENCE IT IS EASY.

THEREFORE , THE FIRST IONIZATION ENERGY OF Na IS LOWER THAN THAT OF Mg BUT THE SECOND IONIZATION ENERGY IS HIGHER .

HOPE THIS HELPS.