The formation of continental plates
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You probably know that the Earth's crust is broken up into huge tectonic plates that slide under, over and past each other, slowly building mountains, forming new oceans and triggering earthquakes. But do you know how long all of that has been going on?
Scientists aren't really sure, either.
Now, after studying ancient rocks in southern West Greenland, one team of researchers says that modern plate tectonics, with its subduction zones, spreading centers, earthquakes and all the other features we're familiar with, probably started about 3.2 billion years ago (the Earth is about 4.6 billion years old). Before that, a much different set of processes shaped the Earth's surface, the researchers say.
"There have been several very different views on when modern-like plate tectonics started," said Tomas Naeraa, a researcher at the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland who led the study. "It was clear from our data that there was a transition 3.2 billion years ago, and rocks formed after that could be related to plate tectonic processes."