The French Revolution
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1. Answer the following in brief :
(1) Which estate of France paid all the taxes?
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What is Directory?
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(iii) What is the difference between Tithe and Taille?
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(iv) Who was Olympe de Gouges ?
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(v) Why was the fortress-prison, the Bastille stormed?
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(vi) When did France become a Republic?
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2.
What do you understand by the following terms :
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Answer:
1. Third estate population or section of the French society paid the majority of the taxes to the administration. Peasants, labourers, servants, and workers were the class of people who paid the largest part of the taxes of the French society.
2. In computing, a directory is a file system cataloging structure which contains references to other computer files, and possibly other directories. On many computers, directories are known as folders, or drawers, analogous to a workbench or the traditional office filing cabinet.
3. Tithes: – A type of tax collected by churches which was collected from peasants in the eighteenth century French Society.
Taille: – A type of direct and indirect tax which was paid to the state by members of third estate in French Society in the eighteenth century. Taille was levied on items used for daily consumption, such as tobacco, salt, etc.
4. Olympe de Gouges was a French playwright and political activist whose writings on women's rights and abolitionism reached a large audience in various countries. She began her career as a playwright in the early 1780s. As political tension rose in France, Olympe de Gouges became increasingly politically engaged.
5. On July 14, the Bastille was stormed by a revolutionary crowd, primarily residents of the faubourg Saint-Antoine who sought to commandeer the valuable gunpowder held within the fortress. Seven remaining prisoners were found and released and the Bastille's governor, Bernard-René de Launay, was killed by the crowd.
6. 1792.
EXPLANATION:- The First Republic (1792-1804) Following the aftermaths of the Revolution of 1789 and the abolishment of the monarchy, the First Republic of France is established on September 22 of 1792.
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