The general linear
programming problem
is in standard form, if
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Answer:
We say that a linear program is in standard form if the following are all true: 1. Non-negativity constraints for all variables. ... All remaining constraints are expressed as equality constraints.
with explanation
of an LP frequently, it seems to be an author preference sort of thing. The only difference is a minus sign in the objective (−cTx instead of cTx).
Regarding the constraints, I have more often seen the first form (your Bertsimas reference) referred to as standard or canonical. The two forms are equivalent in some sense.
Since Ax=b can be written as the pair of inequality constraints Ax≤b and (−A)x≤(−b), it is clear that the first form can be expressed directly as a problem of the second form.
The inequality Ax≤b can be written as a combination of an equality Ax+σ=b and an inequality σ≥0. Hence by increasing the number of variables (ie, using the variables x and σ), we can express the second form as a problem of the first form, ie, [AI](xσ)=b, (xσ)≥0.
The problem min{cTx|Ax≤b} is sometimes referred to as an inequality form LP. Again, it is equivalent to the other two forms.