the group that deactivates the benzene ring towards electrophilic substitution but group towards oandp-position
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Halides are Moderately Deactivating, ortho-para directors.
Why are halides -p directors : Due to resonance they give -ve charge at ortho and para positions. Thus comimg electrophile attacks ortho and para positions.
Why are halides deactivating : They also have -I effect which is stronger than the +R effect. So they reduce the charge on the ring and thus deactivate it.
Why are halides moderately deactivating : -I effect is prevailing but the + R effect somewhat reduces its effect not allowing it to become strong deactivator.
HOPE THIS WILL HELP U
Why are halides -p directors : Due to resonance they give -ve charge at ortho and para positions. Thus comimg electrophile attacks ortho and para positions.
Why are halides deactivating : They also have -I effect which is stronger than the +R effect. So they reduce the charge on the ring and thus deactivate it.
Why are halides moderately deactivating : -I effect is prevailing but the + R effect somewhat reduces its effect not allowing it to become strong deactivator.
HOPE THIS WILL HELP U
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options are a)-NH2. 2)-Cl. 3)-NO2. 4)-C2H5
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