The Himalayan Mountains
Class 9
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Himalayan mountains are stretched over the northern borders of India. These mountain ranges run in a west-east direction from the Indus to the Brahmaputra. The Himalaya consists of 3 parallel ranges in its longitudinal extent.
- The northern-most range is known as the Great or Inner Himalayas or the Himadri. It is the most continuous range consisting of the loftiest peaks with an average height of 6,000 metres.
- The folds of the Great Himalayas are asymmetrical in nature. The core of this part of Himalayas is composed of granite.
- The range lying to the south of the Himadri forms the most rugged mountain system and is known as Himachal or lesser Himalaya.
- Pir Panjal range forms the longest and the most important range.
- The outermost range of the Himalayas is called the Shiwaliks. These ranges are composed of unconsolidated sediments.
- The longitudinal valley lying between lesser Himalaya and the Shiwaliks are known as Duns. DehraDun, Kotli Dun and Patli Dun are some of the well-known Duns.
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