the immediate results of partition of india
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violation has occurred also massive migration took plce
hi
Shortly after the tragic 1947 Partition of India, two out of the eleven provinces in India, Punjab and Bengal divided in the year of 1947. Punjab divided into two parts. "Majority Muslim western part became Pakistan’s Western Punjab province: Sikh and Hindu eastern part became India’s Punjab state" (news.bbc.co.uk). Bengal was also split into an Indian state of West Bengal and East Pakistan. This division led to many women in Punjab and West Bengal not to be treated correctly due to the riots over the provinces being divided. This controversy would not be ended until the independent nation of Bangladesh was created. "The women were being used as instruments of power"
Partitioning states into smaller units is a solution that is often suggested to resolve ethnic conflicts around the world. The appealing elementary school logic of fostering peace by separating groups that are not playing well together continues to be actively discussed by both policymakers and academics, assuming a prominent role in contemporary debates over the continued conflict in Iraq, Syria, and beyond.
Yet, little is known about the conditions under which what appears to be a viable political compromise devolves into a human disaster. Neither are the economic and political consequences of partition well understood. The partition of South Asia on religious grounds in August 1947 has the potential to teach us much about these issues. Seen initially as a viable political compromise, the partition of the Indian subcontinent instead led to one of the largest forced migrations in world history, with an estimated 17.9 million people leaving their homes (Aiyar 1998, Bharadwaj et al. 2008a). Estimates of the number killed between March 1947 and January 1948 range from 180,000
These falls in the share of minorities in the populations reflect two processes:
First, there was an outflow of the target minorities due to ethnic cleansing (i.e. forced migration, religious conversion, or death).
Second, there were inflows – migration from across the border by members of a local religious majority.
The extent and patterns of ethnic cleansing that led to the collapse of minority population shares in then western India was not anticipated. As late as November 1945, the Commander of the Indian Army, Field Marshal Claude Auchinleck, predicted that the “principal danger areas (for ethnic conflict) are likely to lie in the United Provinces, Bihar and Bengal”, these having also been the principal areas where religious rioting had taken place in the years leading up to Independence