Question

The ionisation of NH4OH is surpressed by adding NH 4 Cl . Why?

Answer 1

In salt analysis NH4Cl is added in sufficient amount before adding NH4OH because otherwise the cations of higher group may get precipitated in group III.

Reason: NH4Cl is strong electrolyte, it decomposes completely. While the NH4OH is weak base it does not ionizes completely. Thus due to presence of common ion NH4 + in NH4Cl, it suppresses the ionization of weak base NH4OH in order to decrease the OH- concentration so that higher group cations will not get precipitated.

Common ion effect:

NH4Cl → NH4 + + Cl-

NH4OH ↔ NH4 + + OH-

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