Question

The learned theologians and jurists in Islam are known as

Answer 1

Answer:

Schools of Islamic theology are various Islamic schools and branches in different schools of thought regarding aqidah (creed). According to Muhammad Abu Zahra, Qadariyah, Jahmis, Murji'ah, Muʿtazila, Batiniyya, Ash'ari, Maturidi, Athari are the ancient schools of aqidah.

The Meeting of the Theologians by Abd Allah Musawwir, mid-16th century.

The main split between Sunni and Shia Islam was initially more political than theological, but over time theological differences have developed. Still, differences in aqidah occur as divisions orthogonal to the main divisions in Islam along political or fiqh lines, such that a Muʿtazili might, for example, belong to Ja'fari, Zaidi or even Hanafi school of jurisprudence.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Usul-al-fiqh is the jurisprudence and the learned jurists are known as "Shiite Imams" and ilm-al-kalām is the theology and the learned theologians are called as "mutakallimun"

Explanation:

• Islamic jurisprudence' principles, are known as Usul-al-fiqh, which are conventional methodological principles that are adopted in Islamic jurisprudence for drawing the Islamic law (sharia) rulings. Islamic jurisprudence elucidates in what way the Quran & hadith must be interpreted from the viewpoint of rhetoric and linguistics. The Shiite Imams contributed to the origination of usul al-fiqh
• ʿIlm al-Kalām  is an Islamic scholastic theology which is the study of Islamic doctrine. It evolved out the necessity to establish/setup and defend the  Islamic faith tenets against detractors and doubters. Scholars of ilm-al-Kalam are referred to as mutakallimun.