The male parent produces male garetes called sperm.
The female parent produces female gametes called ova (sing. ovum).
Fertilisation
The process of fusion of a sperm nucleus with the nucleus of ovum egg) is called
fertilisation, when a sperm and an ovum fuse together, they form a zygote. This is the first
cell of the new organism,
Fertilisation is of two types: External fertilisation and Internal fertilisation.
External Fertilisation: When the fusion of male and female gametes takes place outside the
body of female, it is called external fertilisation. It is
found in frog and aquatic animals such as fishes and
Ese membrane
starfishes.
Nucleus
internal Fertilisation: In internal fertilisation, fusion of
male and female gametes takes place inside the body
of the female. Internal fertilisation occurs in reptiles,
insects, birds and mammals including human beings.
Significance of Fertilisation
Spere 学
penetrated
The new individual that develops from the zygote
inherits characters from both the parents. It resembles
the mother in certain characters and the father in some
Fig. 3.2 Process of fertilisation
other characters. For this reason, children of same (An egg surrounded by numerous
parents not only resemble their parents but also each sperm but only one gets penetrated)
other.
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