Question

The mass action law in seconductors in the
thermal equilibrium, with usual notation
5.​

Answer 1

So,here's the equation of Mass-Action Law:-

np=n2i

Here, n= Electron Charge Density ; p= Hole Charge Density

And, n2i= Intrinsic Charge Carrier Concentration

The equation is true for both intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors and tells 2 important facts about extrinsic semiconductors:-

For n-type semiconductor, n>ni so p<ni

For p- type semiconductor, p>ni so n<ni