Question

The metals extracted from their ores are not very pure. They contain impurities, which can be removed by the process of refining. Name the most widely used process of refining impure metals. Draw a diagram of the apparatus used for refining of copper metal and state:
(i) The name of the rods which are used as cathode and anode
(ii) The electrolyte used during the process.
(iii) What happens to the pure metal when current passes through the electrolyte?
(iv) What happens to the soluble and insoluble impurities present in the impure copper?

Answer 1

Metals of high reactivity; such as sodium, calcium, magnesium, aluminium, etc. are extracted from their ores by electrolytic reduction. These metals cannot be reduced using carbon because carbon is less reactive than them.

Electrolytic Reduction: Electric current is passed through the molten state of metal ores. Metal; being positively charged; is deposited over the cathode.

Example: When electric current is passed through molten state or solution of sodium chloride, sodium metal deposited over cathode.

Na+ + e− ⇨ Na

2Cl− − e− ⇨ Cl2

2NaCl ⇨ 2Na + Cl2

Metals obtained from the process of electrolytic reduction are pure in form.

Answer 2

Answer:

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