The Mohenjo Daro is played hall with 20 square break pillars arrange in four rows
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Mohenjo-Daro, began systematic excavations, the results of which made the same stunning impression as the excavations of G. Schliemann in Troy and mainland Greece: monumental buildings made of burnt bricks and works of art were found in the first years already ( including the famous sculpture of the “king priest”). The relative age of civilization, the traces of which began to be found in various regions of the north of the peninsula, was determined thanks to the finds of characteristic seals in the cities of Mesopotamia, first in Kish and Lagash, then in others. In the early 30s of the XX century. the date of existence of civilization, the existence of which was not recognized in the ancient written texts of its neighbors, was defined as 2500-1800. BC. It is noteworthy that, despite new dating methods, including radiocarbon dating, the dating of the Harappan civilization of the heyday is currently not much different from that proposed more than 70 years ago, although calibrated dates suggest its great antiquity.
A lively debate was caused by the problem of the origin of this civilization, which spread, as it soon became clear, over a vast territory. On the basis of the then existing information, it was natural to assume that the impulses or direct influences that contributed to its occurrence came from the west — from the region of Iran and Mesopotamia. In this regard, special attention was paid to the area of the Indo-Iranian borderland – Balochistan. The first finds were made here as early as the 1920s. M.A. Stein, but large-scale research was undertaken after World War II and the independence of the states of the subcontinent.
Before the emergence of independent states, archaeological research of Harappan culture was limited mainly to the central region of the “Big Indus Valley” (a term proposed by MR Mughal), where the largest cities Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa are located. Then, in India, intensive research was carried out in Gujarat (large excavations – Lothal and Surkotada), Rajasthan (excavations of Kalibangan are especially important here), Punjab. Large-scale work in the second half of the XX century. carried out where the river flowed before. Hakra Ghaggar. About 400 settlements with strata from pre-Harappan to post-Harappan cultures were discovered here.
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