Question

The most important cause of extinction of animals and plants, especially in tropical rain forests is
(a) habitat loss
(b) afforestation
(c) pollution
(d) soil erosion

Answer 1

Answer:

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The accelerated rates of species extinction are largely due to human activities. The major causes of biodiversity loss are termed as "Evil quartet".

1. Over-exploitation: Humans depend on nature for food and shelter but when the need turns into greed, it leads to over-exploitation of natural resources. For example, Steller's sea cow which became extinct due to overexploitation by humans.

2. Habitat loss and fragmentation: This is the most common cause of the extinction of animals and plants. The most dramatic example of habitat loss is the tropical rainforests. Once covering more than 14% of earth's land surface, these rainforests now don't cover even 6% of the land surface.  

3. Co-extinction: When a species becomes extinct, the plant and animal species associated with it in an obligatory way also become extinct and this is known as co-extinction. For example, in plant-pollinator mutualism, extinction of one leads to the extinction of other.

So, the correct answer is 'Habitat loss

Answer 2

Habitat loss or soil erosion which causes deforestation