Question

The most important reason for this state of affairs, perhaps, is that India was the only country in the

world to truly recognise the achievements of the Soviet Union-rather than merely focus on the

debilitating faults that Communism brought to its people. The people of India realised that the

achievement of one hundred per cent literacy in a country much, much larger than its own and with

similarly complicated ethnic and religious groupings, the rapid industrialization of a nation that was a

primarily agrarian society when the Bolshevik revolution took place in 1917, the attendant revolutionary

steps in science and technology, the accessibility of health care (primeval according to Western

standards, perhaps, but not according to Indian ones) to the general population, and despite prohibition

of the government of the time the vast outpourings in literature, music, art, etc. are momentous and

remarkable feats in any country. In contrast, all that the West focused on were the massive human

rights violations by the Soviet State on its people, the deliberate uprooting and mass migrations of

ethnic peoples from one part of the country to another in the name of industrialization, the end of

religion. In short, all the tools of information were employed to condemn the ideology of Communism,

so much at variance with capitalist thinking. The difference with the Indian perception, I think here is,

that while the Indians reacted as negatively to what the Soviet governments did to its people in the

name of good governance (witness the imprisonment of Boris Pasternak and the formation of an

international committee to put pressure for his release with Jawaharlal Nehru at its head), they took the

pain not to condemn the people of that broad country in black and white terms; they understood that

mingled in the shades of grey were grains of uniqueness (The Russians have never failed that

characteristic in themselves; they have twice experimented with completely different ideologies,

Communism and Capitalism both in the space of a century).

1. Which of the following statements according to the passage is correct?

a. India took heed on the weak faults of Russian policies and system

b. India seriously commended the achievement of Russia, i.e.. cent per cent literacy and rapid

industrialization

c. The process of industrialization had already started when Russian revolution took place in 1917

2. The West did not focus on:

a. rapid growth of nuclear weapons in Russia

b. Massive human rights violation by the Soviet state on its people

c. deliberate uprooting and mass migration of ethnic people in the name of industrialization. ​

Answer 1

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