The movements of living organisms which is inherent too.
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
The image usually evoked by the words “a living thing” will be an individual organism with its physical body, perhaps an animal, but of course also a plant or even a microbe, which can lead its life in isolation on its own account. Actually, however, an individual organism is not a self-sufficient entity. Its material organization and life style is totally dependent physically and semiotically on the history of the lineage and the species (and hence of the whole living world) and also on its environment, including the society it belongs to. So, an individual organism with its physical body is not the whole of what “a living thing” signifies. It is, as the actual “doer” of life processes, the embodiment of the subjectivity of a particular living being, and needs for its existence, its Umwelt, which is the subjectively constituted environment, as well as its society. Namely, the subjectivity of a living thing ontologically has the triadic structure consisting of individual, Umwelt and society, as detailed below.
Individual
No one of us humans will deny that each one of several billions of human beings living on earth now and in the past is idiosyncratic in its physical constitution, biological behavior, living experience, and mental dimension. I think this idiosyncracy of each individual holds true for any species, although in lower forms of life the differences among individuals of a given species may be quite small. The organism is, needless to say, a dynamic structure that constantly changes and develops by metabolic activities to maintain its integrity and identity, until finally it ceases existence by death. However, it does not totally disappear then, because some aspects survive the death physically and semiotically. For instance, its general body design principles as well as its genes are inherited by its progeny; also, some aspects of its way of living may be memorized socially as cultural inheritance. So, an individual is an entity that has the private aspect that is idiosyncratic and disappears upon its death, as well as the public aspect that survives its death.
Umwelt
Every living thing from bacteria to the human is equipped with appropriate sensor and effector apparatuses that are necessary and sufficient for maintaining its life and serve to form its Umwelt. As the Umwelt is the world subjectively perceived and constructed by the organism, it dynamically grows and develops as the organism grows and goes through its life experiences. Since this process must be unique to the particular organism, its Umwelt is idiosyncratic in nature. But the Umwelt should naturally have much in common with those of other organisms, especially of the same species. Therefore, the Umwelt consists of two aspects, public and private; the former is that shared by other organisms and the latter is peculiar to the particular organism, different from those of others even of the same species, and disappears upon its death.
Society
The Umwelt is generally considered to include everything in the world other than the organism itself, and so there will be other living things of the same and different species in it, themselves autonomous subjects on their own. A living thing will, during its life, necessarily encounter with other living things. When two subjects belonging to the same species meet, there will occur active interactions involving bidirectional exchange of signs, because they largely share their Umwelten and have common interests for maintaining their living form. Then the relationship between the two is essentially that of “I and you”, and is distinct from that of “I and it”, which holds between a subject and an object, and will not involve bidirectional semiotic interactions. The former relationship is a dynamic one, causing in general some changes in the partners, which in turn will cause a change in their relationship, and the change can go on indefinitely in a self-organizing manner. The totality of such dynamic relationships over a population is what is recognized as a “society” or at least its primordial form.