The mtx has been studied in accounts to its capability to penetrate and affect membrane fluidity.
Answers
Lipidomics has been proving that membrane lipids play a crucial role in several cell functions and are involved in several pathologies, including cancer. In fact, beyond a scaffold where proteins and other components are embedded, the cell membrane can also act as a barrier or a target for anticancer drugs. From this point of view, the development of new chemotherapeutic agents should also take into account the role of the membrane in their activity. This Review aims to highlight the importance of anticancer drug-membrane interactions as a powerful strategy to improve cancer therapy. Biophysical techniques emerge, therefore, as essential tools to unveil such interactions.
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Explanation:
Cell membrane is Bilayer, that is it is made up of two layers - inner and outer leaflet. And constituents of this layers are distributed unequally through the two surfaces to create the asymmetry. (Refer to standard textbook figure attached). This asymmetry is actually critical to cell signalling functionality. And it also reflects that the two layers have different functions.
This phospholipid bilayer is is constantly in motion due to rotations of the bonds of the lipid. Hydrophobic tails of this bilayer locks with itself. But hydrophilic tail hydrogen bonding with water makes this group exhibit less movement as their rotation and mobility is restricted. This structure results in increasing viscocity of the bilayer making it fluid like structure.
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