The necessary ingredients for DNA synthesis are mixed together in a test tube. The DNA polymerase is from Thermus aquaticus and the template is from a human cell. The DNA synthesized would be
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In prokaryotic cells, polymerase III is the major replicative polymerase, functioning in the synthesis both of the leading strand of DNA and of Okazaki fragments by the extension of RNA primers. Polymerase I then removes RNA primers and fills the gaps between Okazaki fragments.
They always need a template. They can only add nucleotides to the 3' end of a DNA strand. They can't start making a DNA chain from scratch, but require a pre-existing chain or short stretch of nucleotides called a primer.
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