Question

the nep emphasises to be at the centre of the fundamental reforms in the education syst​

Answer 1

Answer:

Rote learning, the bane of Indian education, is finally being shown the door and is proposed to be replaced by competency-based learning and development of students which tests higher-order skills such as analysis, critical thinking and conceptual clarity. The long-awaited National Education Policy 2020 ("NEP 2020"), was announced by the Union Cabinet on July 29, 2020. The NEP 2020 is promoted as the first education policy of the 21st century with an objective of revising and revamping the Indian education structure and move towards creation of new system that is aligned with the aspirational goals of 21st century education. NEP 2020 is based on the principle that education must not be restricted to development of cognitive skills i.e., 'fundamental skills' of literacy and numeracy and 'higher-order' cognitive skills such as critical thinking and problem solving. Instead the education system must focus on development of 'soft skills' of a child, i.e. social and emotional skills including cultural awareness and empathy, perseverance and grit, teamwork, leadership and communication.

The foundational pillars of NEP 2020 include access, equity, quality, affordability, and accountability. Some of the key principles on which NEP 2020 is based include:

flexibility, for learners to choose their learning trajectories and programmes and thereby choose their paths in life according to their own talents and interests;

no hard separations between arts and sciences, between curricular and extra-curricular activities, between vocational and academic, etc. to ensure integrity and unity of knowledge and eliminate harmful hierarchies amongst different areas of learning;

multi-disciplinary and holistic education (across the sciences, social sciences, arts, humanities and sports) for a multidisciplinary world;

emphasis on conceptual understanding rather than rote learning and learning for exams; on creativity and critical thinking to encourage logical decision making and innovation; on ethics and human and constitutional values and on life skills such as cooperation, teamwork, communication, resilience etc.; and

regular formative assessment for learning rather than the summative assessment that encourages the presently existing coaching culture.