The people living in coastal areas experience an interesting phenomenon of differential
heating and cooling of land and water. Explain them with the help of illustration.
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
All you need to do on a sunny day is walk on a dry beach in the early afternoon to learn that the sand can get very much warmer than sea water. Water is a slow conductor of heat, thus it needs to gain more energy than the sand or dry land in order for its temperature to increase. On the other hand, soil loses its heat much faster. But your toasted toes would perhaps mislead your mind: Earth's oceans are far more important than the land as a source of the heat energy which drives the weather. Not only do the oceans cover more than 2/3 of the Earth's surface, they also absorb more sunlight and store more heat. Additionally the oceans retain heat longer. The Sun's rays also penetrate the oceans to a depth of many meters, but only heat up the top layer of the sand or soil. Water has to lose more energy than the sand (dry land) in order for the temperature to decrease.
During the summer the land is much warmer than the water. It's made up of many different materials which absorb the Sun's rays differently. Land covered in forests or snow warms and cools very differently from a city blanketed with asphalt streets and concrete buildings. Darker materials absorb more radiation than lighter materials. Texture also matters. Rougher and dryer materials absorb more radiation than smoother and wetter materials. If you have ever walked barefoot on a street or sidewalk you'll recall these are much hotter than the grass beside them.
This Activity can also be adapted to challenge older students to come up with their own experimental protocols to test some of these fundamental and important principles. As an extension, you can invite students to suggest various materials to test other than those specified here.
Answer:
Convection
Explanation:
Convection
Sea breeze: They are formed during the day time when land and sea both are heated equally by the sun, but land is heated up more quickly, thus air above land due to heat becomes lighter and rises up due to convection. Thus pressure decreases and cold and humid air above the sea blowing towards land.
Land breeze: They are formed during the night when sea water and land both lose heat. Land loses heat energy fast and cools more rapidly as compared to the sea. Sea water being at higher temperature, the air becomes lighter and rises up due to convection. So air from land starts blowing towards the sea and gives rise to a land breeze.
In both the processes, the transfer of heat takes place by actual movement of the particles of the medium.