The policy of annexation of Dalhousie, particularly, the Doctrine of Lapse, created
fear and resentment among Indian rulers. They were not allowed to adopt heir to
the throne. This policy ensured that those kingdoms, where the kings did not have
natural heirs, would be taken over by the British after the demise of the King.
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The doctrine of lapse was an annexation policy applied by the British East India Company in India until 1859. According to the doctrine, any Indian princely state under the suzerainty of the British East India Company (the dominant imperial power in the Indian subsidiary system), would have its princely status abolished (and therefore be annexed into British India) if the ruler was either "manifestly incompetent or died without a male heir".[1] The latter supplanted the long-established right of an Indian sovereign without an heir to choose a successor.[citation needed] In addition, the British decided whether potential rulers were competent enough. The doctrine and its applications were widely regarded by many Indians as illegitimate.
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