Question

The post-industrial soc1ety is:
(1) Same as the Stone age society

Same as the feudal society
Same as the ancient society

which comes afler the industrial phase and whose axial principlos

(2)

have changed to knowledge 1rom that of land and Lasous

(3)

By Renaissance we mean:
(1) predominance ot humanism of reason
(2) predominance of i
(3) predominance of superstitions

2.

of irrationality

4)
Gandhiji adopted the path of:
(1) non-violence and truth
(3) untruth

predominance of mythology

(2) violence

3.

Both violence and untruth

4)

4. Noam Chomsky emphasised:

(1) that knowledge is propaganda
(2) the need to keep knowledge from degeneratiig nto propaganda
(3) that knowledge should be divorced from criticism
4) there is no need for knowledge in today's world
In the bronze age

d)there was no reclamation of land
2land did not exist as a means for cultivation
8) land was not systematically reclaimed

cre are ev1dences to suggest that land was systematically recialcd v
wanps and desert and record quantities of food stuffs were being proauce​

Answer 1

Answer:

Feudalism was a combination of legal and military customs in medieval Europe that flourished between the 9th and 15th centuries. Broadly defined, it was a way of structuring society around relationships derived from the holding of land in exchange for service or labour. Although derived from the Latin word feodum or feudum (fief),[1] then in use, the term feudalism and the system it describes were not conceived of as a formal political system by the people living in the Middle Ages.[2] The classic definition, by François-Louis Ganshof (1944),[3] feudalism describes a set of reciprocal legal and military obligations among the warrior nobility revolving around the three key concepts of lords, vassals and fiefs.[3]

A broader definition of feudalism, as described by Marc Bloch (1939), includes not only the obligations of the warrior nobility but also those of all three estates of the realm: the nobility, the clergy, and the peasantry bound by manorialism; this is sometimes referred to as a "feudal society". Since the publication of Elizabeth A. R. Brown's "The Tyranny of a Construct" (1974) and Susan Reynolds's Fiefs and Vassals (1994), there has been ongoing inconclusive discussion among medieval historians as to whether feudalism is a useful construct for understanding medieval societyThere is no commonly accepted modern definition of feudalism, at least among scholars.[4][7] The adjective feudal was coined in the 17th century, and the noun feudalism, often used in a political and propaganda context, was not coined until the 19th century,[4] from the French féodalité (feudality), itself an 18th-century creation.

In a classic definition by François-Louis Ganshof (1944),[3] feudalism describes a set of reciprocal legal and military obligations among the warrior nobility, revolving around the three key concepts of lords, vassals and fiefs,[3] though Ganshof himself noted that his treatment related only to the "narrow, technical, legal sense of the word".

A broader definition, as described in Marc Bloch's Feudal Society (1939),[10] includes not only the obligations of the warrior nobility but those of all three estates of the realm: the nobility, the clergy, and those living by their labour, most directly the peasantry bound by manorialism; this order is often referred to as "feudal society", echoing Bloch's usage.

Outside of a European context,[4] the concept of feudalism is often used by analogy, most often in discussions of feudal Japan under the shōguns, and sometimes Zagwe dynasty in medieval Ethiopia,[11] which had some feudal characteristics (sometimes called "semifeudal").[12][13] Some have taken the feudalism analogy further, seeing feudalism (or traces of it) in places as diverse as Spring and Autumn period in China, ancient Egypt, the Parthian empire, the Indian subcontinent and the Antebellum and Jim Crow American South.[11] Wu Ta-k'un argued that China's fengjian, being kinship-based and tied to land controlled by the king, were entirely distinct from feudalism. This despite the fact that in translation fengjian is frequently paired in both directions with feudal.[14]

The term feudalism has also been applied—often inappropriately or pejoratively—to non-Western societies where institutions and attitudes similar to those of medieval Europe are perceived to prevail.[15] Some historians and political theorists believe that the term feudalism has been deprived of specific meaning by the many ways it has been used, leading them to reject it as a useful concept for understanding society.

Explanation:

Answer 2

1) A society which comes after the industrial phase and whose axial principles have changed to knowledge from that of land and Lasous (3)

2) The predominance of humanism of reason (1)

3) non-violence and truth (1)

4) that knowledge is propaganda (1)

5) there are evidences to suggest that land was systematically reclaimed from swamps and desert and record quantities of food stuffs were being produced (4)

Explanation:

• The post-industrial society is about restructuring of the society or the economy transitions from one that primarily offers goods to one that primarily offers  services, that is from the economy which was manufacturing-based to an economy that  is service-oriented. The axial principle is the ‘driving force’ of the economy and it gives orientation and shape to the economy. There is an ‘increase in economic growth’ owing to new technologies, energy and machinery )
• The Renaissance represented the shift from the Middle Ages to the new age in the context of European history and covering the 15th & 16th centuries. The intellectual basis of the Renaissance was its version of humanism
• Gandhi took the religious principle of ahimsa (doing no harm) common to and turned it into a non-violent tool for mass action
• Noam Chomsky felt that the knowledge we have is genetically determined in us. In his view, unconscious knowledge is what defines "our capacity to talk," to understand and to "talk."
• During the Bronze Age about 5,000 years ago the next advance during tool making arrived, that is about 3,000 B.C. This time also benefited urban inhabitants, skilled employees, merchants, priests and authors. In the Bronze Age, there are  proofs to suggest that land was systematically reclaimed from deserts and swamps and enormous quantities of food items were produced.