the principal of the hesienberg uncetainity
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The uncertainty principle is alternatively expressed in terms of a particle’s momentum and position. The momentum of a particle is equal to the product of its mass times its velocity. Thus, the product of the uncertainties in the momentum and the position of a particle equals h/(4π) or more. The principle applies to other related (conjugate) pairs of observables, such as energy and time: the product of the uncertainty in an energy measurement and the uncertainty in the time interval during which the measurement is made also equals h/(4π) or more. The same relation holds, for an unstable atom or nucleus, between the uncertainty in the quantity of energy radiated and the uncertainty in the lifetime of the unstable system as it makes a transition to a more stable state.
This article was most recently revised and updated by Adam Augustyn, Managing Editor.
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10 REFERENCES FOUND IN BRITANNICA ARTICLES
Assorted References
major reference
In Werner Heisenberg: Uncertainty principle
In quantum mechanics: Heisenberg uncertainty principle
quantum theory
In physical science: Quantum mechanics
In quantum mechanics: Hidden variables
In physics: Quantum mechanics
In subatomic particle: Electromagnetism
rationalist metaphysics
In rationalism: Metaphysical
sensory reception
In human eye: Quantum fluctuations
spectroscopic measurement
In spectroscopy: Basic atomic structure
time
In time: Quantum mechanical aspects of time