the process of developing immunity against a particular disease.
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All living things are subject to attack from disease-causing agents. Even bacteria, so small that more than a million could fit on the head of a pin, have systems to defend against infection by viruses. This kind of protection gets more sophisticated as organisms become more complex.
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Active immunisation – body generates its own response to protect against infection through specialised cells and antibodies, as stimulated by vaccines. Full protection takes time to develop but is long lasting. Passive immunisation – ready-made antibodies are passed directly to the person being immunised.
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