The process of formation of metallic compound due to chemical reaction between metals and atmosphere gases is known as
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Toxic effects of metallic compounds may be modified in a number of ways by various factors, changing the character of effects or dose-effect and dose-response relationships. Nutritional and physiological factors may affect susceptibility. Constitutional factors like age, sex, and other genetically determined factors, often called host factors, may also be of importance. Toxicokinetics of metals can also be modified by simultaneous or previous exposure to certain environmental agents. Direct interaction with the metal in question at the molecular level explains some interactions, whereas in other cases, an indirect metabolic change is induced by the interfering environmental factor that gives rise to the change in dose-response relationship. Such indirect interactions are sometimes of considerable interest even though the mechanism may not be known. Important interactions may also occur in the general environment and exposure media (i.e., air, water, and food), and they are dealt with in Chapter 13. These interactions and environmental transformations, to a large extent, determine the type of exposure for human beings. Such interactions are not discussed in this chapter.
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